This page is designed to help you understand what the numbers, letters and symbols in your final results email mean. 

Deferrals (deferred and NA)

If you deferred an assessment the word 'Deferred' will show in the table in place of the mark. 

Where there is one deferred assessment within a course the overall result will show with a mark of 0 and a grade of NA. This is perfectly normally, the zero is not used for classification, it just indicates that the course has not yet been completed. 

Absences (Absent, AB and I)

If you were absent from an assessment the word 'Absent' will show in the table in place of the mark. 

Where you have been absent from all assessments in a course the overall result will show with a mark of 0 and a grade of AB. 

Where you have been absent from some of the assessments in a course the overall result will show with a mark of 0 and a grade of I. This is perfectly normally, the zero is not used for classification, it just indicates that the course has not yet been completed. 

Marks for all assessments, including RDAP1 (January) and RDAP2 (May/June), will show 

If you took an assessment during one of the RDAP periods then this mark will appear in addition to the mark from the previous academic year.  

• If you deferred a piece of coursework from the 2022/23 academic year to RDAP1 in January an asterisk will show for 2021/22 and a mark will show for 2022/23 labelled as RDAP1.
• If you achieved a mark of 39 in an exam in June 2023 then resat the exam in RDAP1 in January, achieving a mark of 70, both marks will show. The mark of 39 will show for 2022/23 and will have been used to calculate the overall mark for that year. The mark of 70 will show for 2024/25 (labelled as RDAP1) and will have have been used in calculating your overall mark for the course in 2024/25 (but remember the mark  will have been capped at pass). 

Course Grades 

Grades show against courses.  You can interpret them using the list below:

D = Distinction [70-100%]
M = Merit [60-69%]
P = Pass [50-59%]
F = Fail [(x+1)-49%]
FB = Bad Fail [0 - x]
NA = At least one component of assessment has been deferred (see above)
AB = Absent from all components of assessment (see above)
I = Incomplete, i.e. you were absent from at least one component of assessment (see above)

You can check the bad fail marks for your courses (i.e. establish what x is).

Want to know more about regulations, classification or progression?

There is lots of information, including links to the relevant regulations on the understanding results page.

Have things not gone to plan?

There is more guidance available on our advice and support page.